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No One can deny that, the scientific movement flourished in the Islamic civilization. It can be said that the scientific and intellectual life in the Islamic countries in the middle Ages has prospered greatly, so that the Arabic language has become a global language for science and knowledge in the middle Ages and the early modern era.
There have been several factors behind this scientific and intellectual prosperity in Islamic civilization, which can be summarized in several points as follows:
The first point of these factors which comes at the top is Islam itself as it has encouraged science and learning, The first word which came down in the Holy Quran is "Read " and reading is not an end in itself , but rather is a means to seek knowledge of the wider doors , also urged Islam to consider and reflect on the kingdom of the heavens and the Earth , and raised the rank of science and scientists , Also Islam has stressed the human liberation and the start of his thinking and make use of his talents and his abilities and be guided by human senses to study natural phenomena and uncover its secrets and its laws, There are many verses in the Koran which indicate this and that and is something which indicates that the scientific activity must be a an integral part of the life of the Muslim community .
The Hadith are also many and calls for the importance of science and learning. From this, the words of the Prophet Muhammad - Peace Be Upon Him - "Seek knowledge from the cradle to the grave”.
And “For everything there is basis, and Science is the basis Of Islam”
And "good of science is better than the good of worship"
And "Seeking knowledge is obligatory on every Muslim, men and women"
The biggest proof also of the attention of the Prophet - Peace Be Upon Him - to science and education,is that he imposed on all prisoners of the infidels who weren’t able to pay Ransom to Free themselves from captivity, after the battle of “Badr the major”, to teach ten of Muslim sons to write and read Instead of paying the ransom and after that they become free and out of captivity.
Islam also has spread an atmosphere of freedom and tolerance,which the world did not recognize before. It is permissible to take advantages of useful and constructive elements, foundin the heritage of formers and ancient civilizations, whether they are Jewish or a Christian or pagan, and whether they are Arabs or non-Arabs present, Islam also did not mind that the Muslim learns at the hands of a non-Muslim professor or in that a non-Muslim doctor treating a Muslim patient, as we will refer in details and examples in another articles after.
In light of the Islamic state - which has expanded its turf and extended its borders from the far Orient to the maximum Morocco -, there has been achieved a great deal of security and safety, which did not known by any part of the world before. Also it is something which pleased and facilitates seeking knowledge trip, so that, the transition from the far Orient to the maximum Morocco became familiar and common.
And that trip to seek knowledge is another factor of prosperity and flourishing of scientific and intellectual movement in the Islamic civilization.
The Translation movement was also one of the most important factors that led to a boom in scientific and intellectual movement;there is also much to talk about in detail in another article, God willing.
In addition to the above mentioned, The encouragement of the caliphs, sultans, princes, ministers , senior state and People with wealth and authority who marched on their steps as well as women , to science and education, through their work to increase the establishment of courts & colleges for studying various science, and through encouraging the translation and authoring of books. They also made many of endowments to help in the prosperity of the scientific and intellectual movement in the Islamic civilization, which flourished too much in in all of the Islamic countries in the middle ages.
Finally as we noticed that this short article do not have room to show all aspects of scientific and intellectual movement in the Islamic civilization and the various factors that were behind its emergence and prosperity in general, or in every age from historical times in Orient and Morocco in particular, so we preferred allocation Other articles to talk about each component individually after shedding light on them in general.
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