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2000 BC ago (approximate time that may be less or more),Giza-based pyramids in Egypt were built as one of the greatest historical edifices of Nile Valley civilization .The monument is deemed now one of the world seven wonders due to its unique precise architecture which derives its importance from the ancient Egyptians' interest in astronomy along with its application in scientific and astrological matters.
Our astronomical know-how concerning Pharaonic studies is very few as most of the astronomical information was drawn on shrines and graves, but what is most significant is that pyramids are closely related to heaven and this is why they were built on the celestial forms, suggesting that the pyramids geometry is complex and intelligent.
The Pharaonic Cosmos
The ancient Egyptians gave due care to stars and celestial bodies out of the link they made between those entities and their deities .In this respect , they worshipped the Sun calling it (Ra') . The ancient Egyptians imagined the Sun to be mounted on a boat soaring high in the sky which they named (Shaw). They thought when the sun sets at the west and darkness falls, it descends to the lower world which they called (DAT).The Moon – the deputy Sun - then comes to replace it. It was called Thot god.
The ancient civilizations were usually hallowing the female , so , they made it deities for the universe .They, for example, delineated the earth as a man lying on his stomach named god (Jeb) and everything living or non-living on the earth were on his back. In addition, they thought of the sky as a bending woman surrounding the earth and based on her hands and feet's fingertips. It was called (Thot) god carried by the space god named "Shaw"
Planets and Constellations
Pharaohs were keen on sky and star observation most probably because of the fine weather most of the year. They were observing stars and star group such as Alshary Al Yamania (because of its importance in determining the flood time) which they named Big Dipper.They gave special perceptions to star groups. They illustrated Big Dipper as a man outstretching his arms and Cygnus as a vehicle pulled by a horse.
Meanwhile , ancient Egyptians cared about stars surrounding the north star the immortal One of the reasons behind this interest was that some of those stars represented the paradise for the pharaohs kings spirits.They were also interested in the five Asteroids or the so-called (the never relaxed stars) because of their Continuous movement among stars. Moreover, ancient Egyptians named Mars (Red Horus), Jupiter (the penetrating star), Saturn (Horus the bull), Venus and Mercury (stars of the morning) when appeared in the morning and (stars of the evening) when appeared after sunset.
The Anent Egyptians' observations were very accurate and this was clearly demonstrated in the sunlight being perpendicular to the face of Ramses II at Abu Simbel temple in Aswan twice a year. The first Orthogonal occurs on the day of the king's birth on February, 22, and the second one on October. 22, the day of his inauguration.
The Pyramids Puzzle and Their Relationship to Stars
People thought for some time that the pyramids were only tombs designed mainly to save pharaohs' bodies along with their properties, yet it was found that they were built for other reasons .The first one who started the discovery story was a young Belgian Young man named Robert Bauval in 1979 when he read the "Sirius Mystery" book on the religious rituals of digun tribes who used to hold a celebration every 50 years to aggrandize this star.
Astronomical observations showed that this star has a dwarf white companion going around it every 50 years. This companion can not be seen but by the great astronomical telescopes. The strange thing is how he managed to determine this time in particular, is it reasonable to be a coincidence?.. No one knows!!!!!!
Some Secrets of the Pyramids
When archaeologists studied the pyramids, they found many strange and amazing things at the same time.Those things can be summarized as follows:
1- The Cheops pyramid’s four facets precisely represent the Cardinal more precisely than do some global observatories
2- If the space between Cheops pyramid and Bethlehem is divided over one thousand, the output will be 2138, which is the number of years during the time between Jesus birth and building the pyramids
3-The proportion of the total weight of the pyramids' stones to its mass is equivalent to that of the Earth...
4-The shade fallen from Cheops pyramid is moving every day by one degree (because of the one degree transmission of the virtual position of the sun each day). If we calculated the amount of these degrees, we would find that the shade completes 365 times a year, which is the number of the solar year's days.
It is noteworthy the product of the Ancient Egyptian civilization undoubtedly makes you wonder about their discovery and use of astronomical calculations together with applying them in construction and architecture such as the pyramids that have long embraced secrets until now.
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